Living in Ashgabat as an expatriate

Visa requirements

Foreign nationals require a visa to enter Turkmenistan. The process of obtaining a visa can be complicated, and it's essential to apply well in advance to avoid any issues. Expats should also ensure that their passport is valid for at least six months before entering the country.

Language resources

While Turkmen is the official language, Russian is still widely spoken and understood, making it easier for expats to communicate with the local population. Many international schools and businesses in Ashgabat also use English as the primary language of instruction and communication.

Housing

The cost of housing in Ashgabat varies significantly depending on the type of property and location. Expats looking for shared accommodation can expect to pay around $150-$200 per month, while a one-bedroom apartment in a central neighborhood can cost anywhere from $250 to $500 per month, depending on the amenities. Three-bedroom apartments and houses are generally more expensive, with prices starting from around $800 to $1500 per month.

Groceries

The cost of groceries is relatively low in Ashgabat, with most everyday items costing around the same as in other similarly sized cities in the region. Bread, rice, and vegetables are readily available in local markets, with prices varying significantly depending on the specific item and seller. Expats can also shop at the various supermarkets around the city, which offer a wider variety of imported goods, including Western brands.

Transportation

Transportation costs in Ashgabat are relatively low, with fares for public transport capped at around $0.15 for a single ride. Taxi fares are also affordable, with most trips costing less than $10. However, it's essential to agree on the fare before getting into the taxi to avoid any misunderstandings.

The harsh continental climate prevailing in Ashgabat can be summed up as hot summers and cold winters. During the summer months, temperatures can soar up to 45°C, with little to no humidity. Winters, on the other hand, can be brutally cold, with thermometers plummeting to as low as -15°C. Snow is common during winter, and the city is often blanketed in a thick white layer, which can last for several months.

While the job market in Ashgabat is still in its nascent stages, there are several key industries that are contributing to the city's growth. Oil and gas, agriculture, and construction are the three primary engines of the economy. According to recent reports, the agricultural sector is experiencing rapid expansion, owing to government initiatives to promote agribusiness. In the construction industry, there are several ongoing infrastructure projects, including a new subway system and highways, which are creating job opportunities for both locals and expats.

The healthcare system in Ashgabat is state-financed, and the standard of medical care provided is generally considered to be adequate. The city has several well-equipped hospitals and clinics, many of which offer specialist services in various fields of medicine. Most of these healthcare facilities are located in the city center, making them easily accessible to expats living in the nearby neighborhoods.

Ashgabat has a relatively efficient transportation system, consisting mainly of buses and taxis. The city's relatively small size and grid-like street pattern make it easy to navigate, with most destinations being within a 15-20 minute drive. The city's public transport system runs from 6 am to 11 pm, and fares are cheap, costing around $0.15 for a single ride. Taxis are widely available and can be flagged down from the street or booked via phone or mobile app.

Ashgabat is generally considered a safe city. However, it's essential to exercise caution in areas prone to criminal activity, such as the outer suburbs and less affluent neighborhoods. Expats living in these areas are advised to take extra precautions and avoid going out alone at night. Generally speaking, Ashgabat is a relatively peaceful city, and violent crime is rare.